The law of Christ

 Christ in all the scriptures

The law of Moses and the law of Christ    Deuteronomy 5

Deuteronomy 5 is a repetition of the ten commandments by Moses.  It is important we understand the complex relationship between the law of Moses, and the law of Christ.  We Christians are under the law of Christ, just as the Israelites were under the law of Moses.  What are the distinctives of each?

The law of Moses was given to Israel at Sinai.  It was a covenant with God requiring their adherence to the whole law.  This law was not for all peoples; the New Testament speaks of "those under the law" (Jews) and those "without law" (the Gentiles)-1st Corinthians 9v20-21. To be clear there are elements of Moses law which apply to the whole world, but overall it was a temporary measure to bring us to Christ.

It is generally understood that the law of Moses contained three important areas of regulation: the moral law regulating personal behaviour; the ceremonial law establishing corporate terms of worship; the civil law ordering the good government of the nation.

For us today, the ceremonial law is abolished, as it was fulfilled in Christ-refer 2nd Corinthians 3; Colossians 2v14; Ephesians 2v15.  Hebrews expands this further, stating there is a change of priesthood in chapter 7, a change from the old to the new covenant in chapter 8, a different location of the sanctuary in chapter 9, and a termination of the sacrifices in chapter 10.  Phrases in those chapters emphasise the weakness of the law as follows: "the law made nothing perfect"-Heb. 7v19; "if the first covenant had been faultless, then should no place have been sought for the second"-8v7; "the way into the holiest of all  was not yet made manifest, while as the first tabernacle was yet standing"-9v8; "can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect"; 10v1; also "for it is not possible that the blood of bulls and goats should take away sins"-10v4.  The hymnwriter caught the joyful mood, "No blood, no altar now, the sacrifice is o'er; no flame no smoke ascends on high, the Lamb is slain no more!  But richer blood has flowed from nobler veins, to cleanse the soul from guilt and purge the reddest stains"-Horatius Bonar.  

The civil law to Israel was for Israel only.  We are to observe the civil laws of our nation, wherever we live, in accordance with Romans 13v1-7.  The principle stated is that each authority is "ordained of God", and answerable to Him.  Our responsibility is to support them and obey them for the good in society that they do.  Peter teaches the same in 1st Peter 2v13-19.  There is no concept of public protest against divinely instituted authorities so far as Christians are concerned.  God is quite able to deal with rogue governments in His own way.  We are called to live in peace, so far as we are able, and pay our way.

The moral law, contained in the ten commandments, still stands, since each tenet is repeated in the New Testament, apart from the law of the Sabbath.  Christians have chosen to make Sunday as the new Sabbath, but there is no scriptural basis for this.  We observe the principle of the Sabbath by resting on the finished work of Christ, which applies to every day thar we live.  There is no harm, however, in having one day of rest per week, (indeed it is a health benefit), but it is not demanded as a ritual observance.  The moral law, given by Moses, as in the ten commandments, contains two overriding principles: 1) our relationship to God; and 2) our relationship to humanity.  Jesus summed up the moral law under these two headings in Matthew 22v37-39, in terms of "Love God with all you have...and love your neighbour as yourself".  This is high ground indeed, yet it is the standard demanded by God.  

As much as the ceremonial and civil aspects of the law of Moses have been rescinded, the moral law has been amplified.  Jesus, in the sermon on the mount in Matthew 5, raised the standard of the moral law, as, time and again, He repeated, "Ye have heard that it hath been said...but I say unto you."-Matthew 5v21-48.

5v21-26   "Thou shalt not kill..."   Jesus said that extreme anger against another human being without cause, or because of prejudice, is tantamount to murder.

5v27-32  "Thou shalt not commit adultery..."   Jesus spoke of adultery of the heart, simply looking lustfully on another was the same as adultery.

5v33-37   "Thou shalt not forswear thyself..."   Using extreme language to make a point is the same as taking the name of the Lord in vain, reducing God, and His creation to the level of our petty grievances.   We must be careful how we communicate with others.  More than YEA YEA or NAY NAY comes from evil.

5v38-42   "An eye for an eye, and a tooth for a tooth..."   Turn thoughts of vengeance into an occasion of giving.  Become a giver, not a taker.

5v43-48  "Love thy neighbour and hate thine enemy..." (the second part was added by man) Jesus said, "I say unto you, Love your enemies, bless them that curse you, do good to them that hate you, and pray for them that despitefully use you, and persecute you"!

This is the law of Christ, and we are under His law (Galatians 6v2; 1st Corinthians 9v21; Romans 8v2-4).  This is how He lived, and in His death and resurrection for us, enables us to fulfil the righteousness of the law with the help of the Holy Spirit.

Communicate the character of God to successive generations

 Christ in all the scriptures

Behold the goodness and the severity of God! Deuteronomy 4v25-40

The character of God never changes.  He has a heart of gold for His people, but a mind of steel against their sin.  Paul develops this theme in Romans 11v22.  It is important for successive generations to know this.  The history of Israel proves it beyond any contradiction, and His dealings with the saints of the church age will be the same.  Unlike the vacillating behaviour of men, God remains the same for well being or otherwise with everyone at all times.  This is the burden of this section. 

The world has many viewpoints of the nature of God, most of them caricatures of their own making.  However, the reality is the true God, as revealed in holy writ, is the One with whom we have to do.  The delusions planted by Satan in Eden suggested that human beings could become gods in their own right ("ye shall be as gods"-Genesis 3v5).  This delusion is still held by many today.  It is imperative, therefore that the only God is known in His being and in His character.

Shew your children and grandchildren an example    Mostly it is thought that privilege is to be born into royalty. or into great wealth, associated with fame or fortune.  But these things are only for time, and supply nothing for eternity.  In reality the greatest privilege is to be born into a home where God is revered, where His word is taught, and in which exemplary lives are lived.  These conditions can do more to influence us for the life to come.  Those of us, so privileged, should count it a blessing to have such a start in life.  Israel, above all people on the earth, were born into such a privilege.

Yet with privilege comes responsibility, and Israel failed in this, as most of us do at times.  The Lord is aware of this human tendency (the phrase "to err is human" has been coined from a long history of such failures).  We may, like Peter, in a moment of confidence say, "though all forsake thee, yet will not I"; and we know that he failed miserably shortly after that boast.  The history of Israel is dotted with incidences of forsaking the living God and turning to idols.  In contrast to the Thessalonians, who "turned to God from idols, to serve the living and true God", many in Israel turned to idols from the only true God.  So bad was their defections at times, Paul had occasion to say, "the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles through you..."-Romans 2v24.

The Lord announced His displeasure and revealed severe discipline:

"I call heaven and earth to witness against you this day, that ye shall soon utterly perish from off the land whereunto ye go over Jordan to possess it; ye shall not prolong your days upon it, but ye shall be utterly destroyed.  And the Lord shall scatter you among the nations, and ye shall be left few in number among the heathen, whither the Lord shall lead you.  And there ye shall serve gods, the work of men's hands..."-4v26-28.   

To recap on this, the Lord warns:  their lives on earth would be shortened; they would be exiled among the nations; they would live as the idolaters of the world.  This warning was given to God's people by Peter in his first epistle...

"If ye call on the Father (or call Him Father in some versions), who without respect of persons judgeth according to every man's work, pass the time of your sojourning here in fear"-1st Peter 1v17.   Again in chapter 4v17 of the same epistle, he writes, "Judgment must begin at the house of God...".

Association with a holy God demands holy living.

The Lord is merciful...

"But if from thence ye shall seek the Lord thy God, thou shalt find Him, if thou seek Him with all thy heart and with all thy soul.  When thou art in tribulation, and all these things are come upon thee, even in the latter days, if thou turn to the Lord thy God, and shalt be obedient unto His voice; (For the Lord thy God is a merciful God;) He will not forsake thee, neither destroy thee, nor forget the covenant of thy fathers, which He sware unto them"-Deuteronomy 4v29-31.

He is not only a God who redeems, He also restores His people when they stray.  It is a most humbling, yet blessed experience, to be restored under the discipline and mercy of our God. It is a more blessed experience to follow Him in obedience all the days of our lives.  In contrast to Israel, Jesus could say, as He neared the end, "I have glorified thee on the earth, I have finished the work which thou gavest me to do"-John 17v4.

There is no privilege on earth such as that given to God's people

In all of the ages of time, and in all the extremity of space in the universe, was there ever such a privilege such as was given to Israel?  Moses spells out their unique position in the sight of the Lord.  "Did ever people hear the voice of God speaking out of the midst of the fire, as thou heard and live?  Or hath God assayed to go and take Him a nation from the midst of another nation, by temptations (trials), by signs, and by wonders, and by war, and by a mighty hand, and by a stretched out arm, and by great terrors, according to all that the Lord your God did for you in Egypt before your eyes.  Unto thee it was shown that thou mightest know that the Lord He is God, there is none else beside Him...Know therefore this day, and consider it in thine heart, that the Lord He is the God in heaven above, and upon the earth beneath, there is none else"-Deuteronomy 4v33-39.

Why then would you seek after anything less?  Why would you demean yourself to follow lesser gods, which are no gods at all? Why would you not just follow His ways and find ultimate well being (v40).  Today we are blessed in every spiritual blessing in Christ (Ephesians 1).  We are destined for glory under the protection and love of God in Christ Jesus our Lord (Romans 8).  Why would we seek anything lesser than this?  Why would we fill our lives with the toys of earth, when God has given to us the treasures of heaven?

  

The sin of idolatry

 Christ in all the scriptures

Worship the Lord thy God, and Him only.....  Deuteronomy 4v14-24

It has been said by others that "Deuteronomy chapter 4 is "rich in moral and theological imperatives", and it is with this in mind we approach this study.  The section ends, "For the Lord our God is a consuming fire, even a jealous God"-4v24.   In His awesome being, He will brook no rival, and views any form of idolatry as demeaning to Him. The common concept of idolatry is of people bowing down to inanimate and animate objects, when God has clearly said that human beings are made in the image of God, therefore higher than any other creation on earth.  We shall discover that idolatry is much more widespread than that.  Idolatry in any form is prohibited to the people of God.

He begins with a solemn warning, "Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves..."; be very careful about this practice.  This warning is very relevant to us in the present day.  Moses pointed out, "for ye saw no manner of similitude on the day that the Lord spake unto you in Horeb (Sinai) out of the midst of the fire".  God is spirit and He forbids any material representation.  He forbids making an image of anything, idolatry is a personal corruption.

"The similitude of any figure, the likeness of male or female..."-4v16.

"The likeness of any beast that is on the earth, or any winged fowl -"-4v17.

"The likeness of anything that creepeth on the ground, the likeness of any fish that is in the waters beneath the earth..."-4v18.

"And lest thou lift up thine eyes unto heaven, and when thou seest the sun, and the moon, and the stars, even all the host of heaven, shouldest be driven to worship them. and serve them..."-4v19.

Worship could actually be defined as "worth-ship", that is what value we place on someone or something.  Since the Lord above, the Supreme being, is higher than all, He alone is due our devotion above all else.  Idolatry, therefore, is undue devotion to that which is lesser than God.  Satan, the arch enemy of God and man, sought for himself the homage due alone to God, when he tempted Jesus to worship him in exchange for immediate world power (Matthew 4v9-10 ; Luke 4v7-8).  Jesus, (citing Deuteronomy 6v13-14) answer was authoritative, "Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God, and Him only shalt thou serve".  This command came with a warning of God's wrath against any who disregarded this (6v15).  We live in God's world, by His pleasure; everything we have is from Him, who sustains all life. He, above everything else, is worth our devotion.

Idolatry, therefore, the practice of devoting ourselves to lesser than God, of substituting things or people instead of God, is a serious error which is wholly condemned throughout.  Idolatry is not limited to the worship of material idols; it encompasses anything that we place above our relationship with God.  This can include material possessions, spheres of influence, relationships, pursuits, celebrity figures, personal ambitions, which detract us from true worship of God who desires and demands our undivided devotion.  

What is true worship?  Jesus defined it to the lawyer who thought he could trap Him in His words Matthew 22v37-38, "Jesus said unto him, citing Deuteronomy 6v5, "Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart (emotion), and with all thy soul (will), and with all thy mind (intellect).  This is the first and great commandment".  In other words, devote yourself to God with your whole being, with everything you have.  This was given to Israel and is the standard for the whole world.  Each of us must determine what this will mean in our lives.  

Idolatry was a recurring theme in Israel.  From the worship of the golden calf in Exodus 32; to the idolatry in Moab during their wilderness wanderings; to the building of the "high places in the land during the reign of a few kings; to the travesty of abominations in the temple in Jerusalem, as reported in Ezekiel.  Their history was one of flirtation with idols contrary to the explicit commandment.  This diminished the glory of God among them, and brought chastisement upon them. 

Exodus 20v3/4  "Thou shalt have no other gods before me.  Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image, or any likeness of any thing that is in heaven above, or that is in earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth". 

Similar warnings are sounded in the church age.    

1st Corinthians 10v7, "Neither be ye idolaters, as were some of them, as it is written, the people sat down to eat and drink and rose up to play....Wherefore my dearly beloved flee from idolatry".   This is in the context of sexual immorality.

Galatians 5v19-21 "Now the works of the flesh are manifest which are these: adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, idolatry, witchcraft, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies, envyings, murders, drunkenness, revelling, and such like...".  It is one of the practices of a fallen nature contrary to God.

Colossians 3v5, "Mortify therefore your members which are upon the earth; fornication, uncleanness, inordinate affection, evil concupiscence, and covetousness, which is idolatry".  Greed, the craving for what others have, is idolatry.  It focuses the eyes on created things rather than the Creator

1st John 5v21, "Little children, keep yourselves from idols".

Idolatry is an ever present danger to the people of God today.  It has to be recognised, and discarded fully and promptly.  Our Lord Jesus Christ was the perfect example of total devotion to God.  He loved the Lord with all His heart, soul, and mind; in perfection He loved His neighbour as Himself.  This is the Divine standard, which will be a reality when we "are conformed to the image of His Son".  Until then, let us flee idolatry in all its evil and illusory forms, and make the Lord above our true devotion. 

    

   

A special people

 Christ in all the scriptures

Israel a very special people   Deuteronomy 4v7-13

"And what nation is there so great, who hath God so nigh unto them, as the Lord our God is in all things that we call upon Him for?"-Deuteronomy 4v7

It is no mere coincidence that, in the course of time, and down to the present day, the eyes of the world have been focused on Israel.  This is because they are God's chosen people.  This is not to say that God favours one people, or that Israel are better than other nations.  It is to say that this is the way God has chosen to bless the world.  His choice was entirely benign toward the world in general.  He raised up Israel, as a chemical analyst would do in a laboratory, taking a sample of humanity, to reveal the nature of the whole, and to provide a remedy for them.

God's plan to save the world

Following the rebellion of the nations at Babel, He called one man, through whom He would create a nation, through whom He would bless all nations of the world (read Genesis 11/12 and note especially 12v1-3).   This wonderful plan is repeated in Genesis 17v6-8; 18v18; 22v17-18, and so on, and confirmed in the gospel (God's good news to the world) in Romans 4v13-17.  Israel, therefore, are the benchmark of blessing or cursing from God.

Israel, "the apple of God's eye"

"Now therefore, if ye will obey my voice indeed and keep my covenant, then ye shall be a peculiar treasure unto me above all people: for all the earth is mine"-Exodus 19v5.

In reality, Israel did not obey Him, nor keep His covenant, but Jesus came and the covenant was ratified.  The God who knows the end from the beginning, knew this, and treated Israel as if they had obeyed.  Through Jesus, He will treat all people the same way.  We now understand the gracious proclamations concerning Israel, and prophecies concerning them.

"The Lord's portion is His people; Jacob is the lot of His inheritance.  He found him in a desert land, and in the waste howling wilderness; He led him about, He instructed him, He kept him a the apple of His eye"-Deuteronomy 32v9-10.

"For thus saith the Lord of hosts; after the glory hath He sent me unto the nations that spoiled you: for he that toucheth you toucheth the apple of His eye"-Zechariah 2v8.

Israel are very near and dear to God, and anyone who touches them have Almighty God to deal with.  History has already proved this, and the future will be no different.  This is not just a nice metaphor, this is a theological reality that will be enacted for good or bad.  They are, like all people, an imperfect people, but they are God's people, through whom He will bless the world.  At the judgment of the living nations in Matthew 25, the criterion for judgment will be the treatment of God's people (Matthew 25v31-46-note v32, for this will apply to all nations, and all individuals, concerning their attitude to Israel in the future.)  The lesson is obvious, hurt Israel, and you hurt God-refer Isaiah 63v9-and there will be retribution.  

We must learn the importance of being near to God.  The New Testament continues the theme to shew that Gentile nations have come under the same blessing.  Peter, writing to the elect of God, said, "Ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood, an holy nation, a peculiar people (people of God's possession)..which in time past were not a people, but are now the people of God, which had not obtained mercy, but now have obtained mercy"-1st Peter 2v9-10).  Paul to the Cretan believers in Titus 3v14, "Who gave Himself for us that He might redeem us from all iniquity, and purify unto Himself a peculiar people zealous of good works".  

In the course of this present age, Israel has been temporarily cast aside through unbelief, and through them salvation has come to all nations.  It was Jesus who came as Saviour of the world, and He came from Israel (Romans 9v5).  It was the apostles of Christ from Israel who evangelised the world (e.g. Romans 15v16 and others).  Through the fall of Israel, salvation is come to the nations (Romans 11v11) with a remnant of Israel saved in the present time.  When the fulness of the nations is complete, Israel will return in glorious repentance and God's purpose for them will be fulfilled, "And so all Israel shall be saved, as it is written.  There shall come out of Zion the deliverer, and shall turn away ungodliness from Jacob: for this is my covenant with them, when I will take away their sins"-Romans 11v26-27.  This explains a lot of what is happening today, but Israel will recover and take their place in the world as "head of nations", the nation God chose to bring salvation to the world

With great privilege, comes also great responsibility, and this is the point of Deuteronomy 4v7-13.  No nation on earth has been privileged as Israel has; this calls for reverence and obedience to the One who has called them.  The same is true of us, the people of God today. "Gather me the people together, and I will make them hear my words, that they may learn to fear me all the days that they shall live upon the earth, and that they shall teach their children"-Deuteronomy 4v10.

May we understand how blessed we are in Christ, and rise to our responsibilities in the days of our lives He will give us.

Just do it!

 Christ in all the scriptures

Hearken and do!   Deuteronomy 4v1-6

The summing up of the verses is as follows: "Keep therefore and do them, for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of all nations..."-v6.

God has spoken; He is speaking through His word, what is to be our response?  When the Almighty speaks, the angels in His presence do His bidding; even the demon spirits know this.  They know that what He says will come to pass regardless of the passage of time.  We, human beings, are so slow to respond to His word.  We dare not gloss over these few verses, for they go to the heart of things...namely our attitude to the word of the living God, which is our attitude to God Himself.

Do not tamper with the word of God

He begins with a warning.  "Do not add to or diminish the word!"-4v2, it is God's word plus or minus nothing; the words of the eternal and all wise God need no embellishment from us.   The bible ends with the same warning, the warning of Jesus Himself, to the churches, and through them to the world, "For I testify to every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, if any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book: and if any man shall take away from the words of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things that are written in this book."  This ratifies the warning of Moses to the people of Israel.  Jesus accused the leaders of Israel of tampering with God's word through their traditions, which had the effect of nullifying the word of God (refer Mark 7v13; there are good traditions, but those which conflict with the word of God are dangerous.  God's word is complete and authoritative; altering it distorts the message.  We are called to interpret it, not rewrite it to suit our delusions.  Paul wrote, "All scripture is given by inspiration of God, and is profitable for doctrine for reproof, for correction, for instruction in righteousness...."2nd Timothy 3v16.  

Warnings against altering scripture are found throughout:

 Deuteronomy12v32, "What thing soever I command you, observe to do it: thou shalt not add thereto, nor diminish from it".  

Joshua 1v7, "Only be thou strong and very courageous, that thou mayest observe to do according to all the law, which Moses my servant commanded thee: turn not from it to the right hand nor to the left, that thou mayest prosper whithersoever thou goest".  

Proverbs 30v5-6, "Every word of God is pure: He is a shield to them that put their trust in Him.  Add thou not unto His words, lest He reprove thee, and thou be found a liar". 

It is the way of Satan to corrupt God's word.  His first appearance in scripture finds him questioning and distorting the word of God, "Hath God said...?  In the account of the temptation of Christ in Matthew 4 and Luke 4 he quotes (rather misquotes) Psalm 91v11/12; he omits from v11 "to keep thee in all thy ways"; then he adds in v12, "at any time", thus both adding to, and diminishing from the word and distorting its meaning.  In the same way his emissaries pervert God's word-Peter spoke of "wresting scripture"-2nd Peter 3v16; Paul in Galatians 1v7 of those who would "pervert the gospel of Christ"; The Lord accused the prophets in Jeremiah 23v36 of "perverting the words of the living God"; In Matthew 23v13-36 Jesus described the Pharisees of rank hypocrisy for their misinterpretation and misapplication of scripture.  In modern times, many who profess to know God have exalted the teachings of men to the same level as the word of God, and the effect has been to cancel the word of God. 

What is the answer?  In Isaiah chapter 66v1-4, God, speaking from heaven, and remonstrating with Israel, says in the face of their perverted ways, "To this man will I look, even to him that is poor, and of a contrite spirit, and trembleth at my word".  It is to abandon the words of men which conflict with the word of God, and our own thoughts, and humbly submit to Him.

Be ye doers of the word, and not hearers only, deceiving your own selves

So wrote the apostle James in chapter 1v21-27 0f his epistle.  There is a danger we can become sermon tasters, running around after our favourite speakers, treating them like spiritual celebrities.  All the while failing to make the living word live in us.

"Behold I have taught you statutes and judgments, even as the Lord my God commanded me, that ye should do so in the land whither ye go to possess it.  Keep therefore and do them; for this is your wisdom and your understanding in the sight of the nations"-4v6.

Keep them...do them...it is not enough to know them, the word of God must become practical in our lives.  This is the greatest wisdom, and the greatest testimony to the world in which we live and move. Jesus is our prime example, He was the embodiment of His teaching.  Luke described his gospel in Acts 1v1 as a "treatise of all that Jesus began to do and to teach".  Note DO AND TEACH!  Note also, He commissioned them in Acts 1v8, not only to witness to the world, but to BE WITNESSES UNTO ME! Betimes the emphasis is to witness by word of mouth, but the witness of a life is greater.  We've heard the worldly saying, "We can't hear what they are saying for seeing what they are doing".  Our lives, our loyalty to the Lord, must match our lips.  Testimony fails if we are only preaching and not practising.  How many times have we discovered gospel efforts failing because of the "bad report of them which are without? (refer 1st Timothy 3v7).  We must be witnesses of Him to others, that means represent Him to the unbelieving world.  This is the greatest testimony of all.

Jesus said, "If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them".  The present world is crying out for Christians who are Christian in character.  This is in the gift of every one of us, to hear our neighbours, and our workmates say, he/she is a real Christian.  What do our family, our friends, our fellows think of Christ because of us.  Will they say, in the language of this chapter, "Surely these people are a wise and understanding people".  That is the greatest drawing power on earth, when others seek the Saviour because of you!  They want to follow Him, because they want to follow you.

Next we shall consider our special relationship with God.

Statutes and judgments Deuteronomy 4

 Christ in all the scriptures

Statutes and judgments   Deuteronomy 4

"Now therefore hearken, O Israel, unto the statutes and judgments, which I teach you, for to do them, that ye may live, and go in and possess the land which the Lord God of your fathers giveth you"-Deuteronomy 4v1.

Chapter 3 ended with victorious Israel "abiding at the valley near Beth-peor". It is a good place to be, in a lowly valley, following a notable victory.  Triumphalism is not for the people of God, but humble gratitude for His support.  They are now on the borders of the promised land, with no external force to hinder their advance.  

Their entrance into the promised land will establish them as God's society through whom He will bring blessing to all nations.  As such they must be subject to Divine standards, cited here as "statutes and judgments".  Elsewhere His standards are referred to as laws (blanket term "the law"), commandments, precepts, testimonies, and others.  There are multiple references to these in Psalm 119, and Psalm 19 gives the definition and effect of each.  It is useful to understand the different shades of meaning of the Divine communication.  

Statutes (22 occurrences in Psalm 119) are binding obligations, specific Divine decrees which apply to all His people in all generations.  Derived from the Hebrew meaning "hew", as in the carving of wood, or engraving of stone; a modern expression would be "set in stone".  Examples are the ten commandments, which are headings for the moral standard in association with God.  There are others of a ceremonial or civil nature, regulating the behaviour of the people of God.  Psalm 19v8 says, "The statutes of the Lord are right rejoicing the heart".  Far from being burdensome to us, they are right, and cause joy in the execution of them.  Consider them as signposts in the journey of life, regulating our behaviour.     

Judgments (23 in Psalm 119) are decisions/verdicts of the Almighty where two or more conflicting positions exist.  These are rooted in God's character; they are the decisions of an all wise God, applied to common human situations.  Psalm 19v9 defines His judgments as "true and righteous altogether"-true to His own holy character, and just to all mankind.  He never makes a wrong judgment.  When Jesus comes to judge the world, He is "faithful and true, and in righteousness He doth judge and make war"-Rev. 19v11.

Laws (the blanket term is "the law"-the Hebrew "Torah").  Cited 25 times in Psalm 119, this covers the entirety of God's self revelation, the didacte, the teaching.  Psalm 19v7 describes this as "perfect", that is without flaw, complete, entire, needing nothing added, unable to be improved upon.  It's effect on those submitting to it is to "convert the soul".  This is no set of man's opinions, this is a powerful life changing ray of divine light with permanent results.

Testimonies (10 times in Psalm 119)  This is God's word revealing what it says about Him.  The first reference to this in Genesis 21v30 is of that which is "a witness unto me".  It takes two to testify to anything, and God has numerous evidences of Himself.  Psalm 19v7 says, "The testimony of the Lord is sure..." it is absolutely dependable; the evidence, not only of His existence, but of His attributes, are overwhelming and without dispute.  The effect of this is to "make wise the simple", even the poorest intellect becomes wise in acceptance of it.

Precepts  (only in the Psalms, and 21 times in Psalm 119)   These are principles, coming from a root which means to oversee, or pay close attention to a matter.  It describes the way by which God operates, the particular instructions He lays down for every situation.  Precept's are more advisory than mandatory, communicated typically through teaching.  They become obligatory when we realise from whom they come.  Godliness assumes we act like God in a given situation,

Commandments  (22 times in Psalm 119)  The giving of orders from a superior to a subordinate, in this case from the Supreme Sovereign to His creatures.  Psalm 19v8 says "The commandment of the Lord is pure..." that is transparent, with no hidden meaning, and no alternative agenda.   The effect of it is to "enlighten the eyes".  The clear, crisp command of One who knows best has the effect of instructing our minds in His ways.  

God has made Himself known comprehensively, in statutes, in laws, in commandments, in precepts, in testimonies, in judgments; and our response to these will determine our well being.  The predominant words in the New Testament are commandments in various forms (over 100 times) and word (over 400 times). These cover all the aspects of the Old Testament words used to describe the revelation of God.  In both testaments God speaks in unmistakeable and precise ways, and He expects us to respond.  There is an error of thinking that because Christ fulfilled the law, there is no need for us to comply.  Apart from the obvious preposterous nature of such thinking, Paul makes it clear in Romans 8v1-4, that the purpose of the gospel was that "the righteousness of the law might be fulfilled in us who walk not after the flesh but after the Spirit".   God redeemed Israel to convert them to convert the nations.  He has done the same for us to make a difference just where we live.

Jesus commissioned the apostles, "Go... teach all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit: teaching them to observe all things whatsoever I have commanded you"-Matthew 28v19/20.  These commandments are written in their New Testament writings, which are mandatory for us today.

The chapter unfolds as follows: 

4v1-6 A reminder of the importance of God's rule and the consequences of disobedience.

4v7-13 A reminder of the special relationship between God and His people.

4v14-24 A reminder of the dangers of idolatry.

4v25-40 The importance of communicating the character of God to future generations.

4v41-49 Occupation of the land east of Jordan.

There are lessons for us in each of these sections.

If God be for us...Deuteronomy 3

 Christ in all the scriptures

More than conquerors   Deuteronomy 3

Fresh from a notable victory against the Amorites, Israel faced another foe, even more battle hardened and resolute than Sihon king of Heshbon.  King Og of Bashan confronted them with his army as they journeyed by the city of Edrei.  He was the last of the Rephaim (these were giants in stature and possibly descended from the corruption of fallen angels with humans in Genesis 6).  His bed measured nine cubits by four (13 feet long by 6 feet wide in our terms).  Bashan is located in the northernmost part of Transjordan, east of the sea of Galilee, and is known for its fertile land and abundant resources.  Bounded by mount Hermon to the north, and Gilead to the south, the region included notable cities as Edrei, Ashtoreth, and Golan, which is recognised today as the Golan Heights, north of Israel.  Bashan is mentioned 60 times in scripture and is noted for its high hills (Psalm 68v15); its tall oaks (Isaiah 21v3 and Ezekiel 27v6 with Zechariah 11v2); plenteous fruits (Isaiah 33v9) strong cattle and lush growth (Deuteronomy 32v13-14, and Psalm 22v12); fatlings (Ezekiel 39v18 and Micah 7v14).  They were a cruel, unruly lot who oppressed the weak among them (Amos 4v1), and would fight to the end to protect their heritage.

And they did so, but it was all in vain for the Lord of earth and heaven was with Israel, and a total rout was the outcome.   Israel had become notable warriors in the hands of Almighty God..  Note the comments throughout the early verses:

"Fear him not; for I will deliver him, and all his people, and his land into thy hand..."-3v2

"So the Lord our God delivered into our hands Og also, the king of Bashan, and all his people: and we smote him until none was left to him remaining, and we took all his cities at that time, there was not a city which we took not from them, threescore cities, all the region of Argob, the kingdom of Og in Bashan.  All these cities were fenced with high walls, gates, and bars; beside unwalled towns a great many"-3v3-5

"And we took at that time out of the hand of the two kings of the Amorites, the land that was on this side Jordan, from the river of Arnon unto mount Hermon.....All the cities of the plain, and all Gilead, and all Bashan unto Salchah and Edrei, cities of the kingdom of Og in Bashan"-3v8-10

This unlikely, but decisive, victory over a ruthless enemy, not only provided Israel with much needed resources, but ensured the neighbouring nations respected them.  The reversal of more than 400 years of exile was now a reality.  This marks them out as overcomers, and this is the plan of the Lord for His people in all generations.  He will not have us defeated through sloth or disobedience.  His people are on the victory side in all situations.  Paul wrote to the Corinthians in chapter 2v11-14, in the context of victory over the arch enemy Satan, "Now thanks be unto God, which always causeth us to triumph in Christ, and maketh manifest the savour of His knowledge by us in every place".

To the seven churches in Revelation 2/3, each letter ends with a promise to the overcomer-Rev. 2v7; 2v11; 2v17; 2v26; 3v5; 3v12; 3v21.  In Christ, all God's people are overcomers.    In Christ we can overcome the world (John 16v33, "Be of good cheer, I have overcome the world"; 1st John 5v4, "This is the victory that overcomes the world, even our faith"; in Christ we can overcome the flesh (Romans 7v23-25, "Who shall deliver me from the body of this death?  I thank God through Jesus Christ our Lord"; in Christ we can overcome the devil (2nd Corinthians 2v14-already quoted; James 4v7, "Submit yourselves unto God.  Resist the devil and he will flee from you".

We have three very identifiable enemies, the world, the flesh, and the devil.  Of ourselves we are no match for any of these, but in submission and obedience to Christ we can be victorious.  This is not to assert triumphalism, which is the hallmark of many false cults: it is to genuinely overcome in personal and corporate life in the strength of the Lord.

Paul summed up the triumph of Christianity in four rhetorical questions (questions that have obvious answers) in Romans 8v31-39:

"If God be for us, who can be against us?"   8v31

"Who shall lay anything to the charge of God's elect? God who justifies?"  8v33

"Who is he that condemns?  Christ that died, yea rather that is risen again, who is even at the right hand of God, who also maketh intercession for us?"  8v34

"Who shall separate us from the love of Christ?  tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or sword?.....nay in all these things we are more than conquerors through Him that loved us"  8v35-37.

He goes on to say that the extremes of existence (neither death nor life); the extremes of spirit beings (nor angels, nor principalities, nor powers); the extremes of time (nor things present, nor things to come); the extremes of space (nor height, nor depth)..and beyond even that, NOR ANY OTHER CREATION, shall be able to separate us from the love of God which is in Christ Jesus our Lord"  8v38-39.

Not triumphalism, but true spiritual triumph that will pervade all existence, and restore the cosmos from the chaos of ungodliness and unrighteousness.

Israel went on to inherit the lands taken: all the territory, taken from the Amorites, was given to the Reubenites and the Gadites, and the half tribe of Manasseh (3v12-17).  Long term this will culminate in Israel occupying the extremities of the land, and, from there ruling the world.  What seems an impossibility now will be a reality according to the promise of Almighty God.  He makes provision for the ongoing posterity of Israel by appointing Joshua as their new leader after Moses is gone (3v18-29).